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Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta South America. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta South America. Mostrar todas las entradas

sábado, 26 de octubre de 2019

Bolivia (1962-1981)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period after the re-election of Paz Estenssoro as president in 1960 and 1964 in which on November 5, 1964 he was overthrown by a coup by Vice President René Barrientos, beginning a period of 18 military governments. Barrientos was elected president in 1966 and carried out a conservative economic policy (reopening of the tin industry to foreign companies, which led to strong economic growth) and fought against the insurgency of the mountainous regions, defeating it (among which was the Che Guevara). Barrientos died in a helicopter accident in 1969, replaced by numerous presidents that lasted a short time, until the coup d'etat of Colonel Hugo Banzer, supported by the FSB and the MNR. His regime was characterized by an increase in repression until 1978, the year in which he resigned and the military junta took power, at a time when the country was going through a very important economic crisis. This triggered the overthrow of the last military junta and the return to democracy of Bolivia. There are banknotes of 1 Bolivian peso, 5 Bolivian pesos, 10 Bolivian pesos, 20 Bolivian pesos, 50 Bolivian pesos and 100 Bolivian pesos.

50 Bolivian pesos (cincuenta pesos bolivianos)

This banknote worth 50 pesos was first circulated in July the 13th 1962. On the main side right it can be seen Antonio José de Sucre, South American independence hero from Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and chief general of Gran Colombia. Next to him there's a 50 and in the center there's the written name of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de Bolivia).
In the left appears Bolivia's coat of arms and two 50's. On the other side of the banknote appears Gate of the Sun, a monument in the archaeological site of Tihuanaco. Moreover there's the written value of the banknote and the name of the National Bank again, plus two 50's and decorative elements. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.1 cm x 6.4 cm.




Bolivia (1945-1962)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period in which World War II lasted and subsequently the Cold War started, which began with President Gualberto Villaroel, being overthrown and lynched in 1946. In 1947 the conservatives of Enrique Hertzog took power (those who opposed left and right ), which was replaced by Mamerto Urriolagoitia in 1949. In 1950 the Communist Party of Bolivia was outlawed and in 1952 the Bolivian Revolution (1952) led by the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement broke out, ending with one of its members, Víctor Paz Estenssoro, as president of the country . His government monopolized the export of tin, nationalized the mines and promoted the extraction of oil, culminating the transformation with the agrarian reform of 1953 (where numerous lands were given to the natives). Paz Estenssoro was replaced by Hernán Siles Zuazo, who fought to stabilize the currency and against the opposition of Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB) of Oscar Unzuaga de la Vega. After the failed coup attempt of the FSB of 1959, Paz Estenssoro was again elected in 1960 and 1964. All bills with an impression above saying Central Bank of Bolivia date from an extraordinary issuance of 1929. There are banknotes of 5 Bolivian bolivianos, 10 Bolivian bolivianos, 20 Bolivian bolivianos, 50 Bolivian bolivianos, 100 Bolivian bolivianos, 500 Bolivian bolivianos, 1,000 Bolivian bolivianos, 5,000 Bolivian bolivianos and 10,000 Bolivian bolivianos.

5 Bolivian bolivianos (cinco bolivianos)

This banknote worth 5 bolivianos was first circulated in December the 20th 1945. On the main side right it can be seen Simón Bolivar, Venezuelan military and politician that made independent the northeastern part of South America from the Spanish Empire, creating the Republic of Gran Colombia and Bolivia. Next to him there are two 5's, plus four 5's in the corners, and in the center there's the written name of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de Bolivia).
In the left appears Bolivia's coat of arms. On the other side of the banknote appears Bolivia's coat of arms again. Moreover there's the written value of the banknote and the name of the National Bank again, plus six 5's and decorative elements. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 13.1 cm x 6.2 cm.




100 Bolivian bolivianos (cien bolivianos/diez bolívares)

This banknote worth 100 bolivianos was first circulated in December the 20th 1945. On the main side right it can be seen Gualberto Villarroel, Bolivian military and politician who presided over the Military Board and the Government until 1946. Next to him there are two 100's, plus four 100's in the corners, and in the center there's the written name of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de Bolivia). In the left appears Bolivia's coat of arms, completed with decorative elements.
On the other side of the banknote appears an oil refinery located in Valle Hermoso. Moreover there's the written value of the banknote and the name of the National Bank again, plus two 100's and decorative elements. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.7 cm x 6.6 cm.

Bolivia (1911-1929)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the liberal period, born with the victory of José Manuel Pando in the Bolivian Civil War, which lasted until 1920; The greatest exponent of these democratic governments was that of Ismael Montes. Since 1926, President Hernando Siles ruled, overthrown by a revolution in 1930 for trying to extend his term. All bills with an impression above saying Central Bank of Bolivia date from an extraordinary issuance of 1929. There are banknotes of 1 Bolivian boliviano, 5 Bolivian bolivianos, 10 Bolivian bolivianos, 20 Bolivian bolivianos, 50 Bolivian bolivianos, 100 Bolivian bolivianos, 500 Bolivian bolivianos and 1,000 Bolivian bolivianos.

1 Bolivian boliviano (un boliviano)

This banknote worth 1 boliviano was first circulated in May the 11th 1911. On the main side center it can be seen the Roman god Mercury (messenger god of commerce, merchants and travelers), sat over an engine. Next to him there are two 1's, plus four 1's in the corners, and in the center there's the written name of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco de la Nación Boliviana).
On the other side of the banknote appears Bolivia's coat of arms again. Moreover there's the name of the National Bank again, plus two 1's and decorative elements. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 14.1 cm x 7 cm.

sábado, 23 de febrero de 2019

Argentina (1969-1983)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period in which three military dictators (Juan Carlos Onganía, Marcelo Levingston and Alejandro Agustín Lanusse) ruled in the country during the so-called Argentine Revolution that ended in 1973 after the elections were called for the unpopularity of the regime. In these elections the Peronist candidates won and new ones were called for the following year with Juan Perón returned from exile (although he died the following year, succeeded by María Estela Martínez de Perón). In 1976 there was a new coup d'etat, called Proceso de Reorganización Nacional, whose presidency was occupied by the military Jorge Rafael Videla, Roberto Eduardo Viola, Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri and Reynaldo Benito Bignone. During this period numerous violations of human rights, political persecutions and state terrorism were carried out. When the regime was falling apart, the Falklands War was provoked in 1982 by the Falkland Islands against the United Kingdom, in which Argentina was defeated and the military junta, forced to call democratic elections. There are banknotes of 1 Argentine peso, 5 Argentine pesos, 10 Argentine pesos, 50 Argentine pesos, 100 Argentine pesos, 500 Argentine pesos, 1,000 Argentine pesos, 5,000 Argentine pesos, 10,000 Argentine pesos, 50,000 Argentine pesos, 100,000 Argentine pesos, 500,000 Argentine pesos and 1,000,000 Argentine pesos.

1 Argentine peso (un peso)

This banknote worth 1 peso was first circulated in January the 30th 1970. On the main side right it can be seen Manuel Belgrano, Argentine general who defended Buenos Aires from British invasions, promoted May Revolution and Argentine independence leader. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 1 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 1, an olive branch and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 1 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Llao Llao Hotel and Nahuel Huapí lakes, in Bariloche. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 1's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.


5 Argentine pesos (cinco pesos)

This banknote worth 5 pesos was first circulated in November the 24th 1971. On the main side right it can be seen Manuel Belgrano, Argentine general who defended Buenos Aires from British invasions, promoted May Revolution and Argentine independence leader. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 5 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 5, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 5 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of the National Flag Memorial (where Belgrano raised the country's flag for the first time), in Rosario. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 5's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 

10 Argentine pesos (diez pesos)

This banknote worth 10 pesos was first circulated in September the 1st 1970. On the main side right it can be seen Manuel Belgrano, Argentine general who defended Buenos Aires from British invasions, promoted May Revolution and Argentine independence leader. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 10 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 10, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 10 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Iguazu Falls, in the border with Brasil. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 10's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 



50 Argentine pesos (cincuenta pesos)

This banknote worth 50 pesos was first circulated in March the 15th 1972. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 50 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 50, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 50 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Termas de Reyes, near San Salvador de Jujuy. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 50's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 


100 Argentine pesos (cien pesos)

This banknote worth 100 pesos was first circulated in February the 15th 1971. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 100 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 100, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 100 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Ushuaia, the southernmost city in the world, in Tierra del Fuego. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 100's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 

500 Argentine pesos (quinientos pesos)

This banknote worth 500 pesos was first circulated in November the 30th 1972. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 500 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 500, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 500 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of the Monument to the Army of the Andes, in Mendoza. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 500's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

1,000 Argentine pesos (mil pesos)

This banknote worth 1,000 pesos was first circulated in November the 27th 1973. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 1,000 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 1,000, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 1,000 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Plaza de Mayo, in Buenos Aires. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 1,000's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.


5,000 Argentine pesos (cinco mil pesos)

This banknote worth 5,000 pesos was first circulated in December the 12th 1977. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 5,000 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 5,000, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 5,000 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements.  On the other side there's an image of Mar del Plata and its Casino Central. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 5,000's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.


10,000 Argentine pesos (diez mil pesos)

This banknote worth 10,000 pesos was first circulated in October the 25th 1976. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 10,000 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 10,000, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 10,000 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements.  On the other side there's an image of El Palmar National Park, in Entre Ríos provice. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 10,000's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

Argentina (1908-1935)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period to the Conservative Republic (with the presidencies of Figueroa Alcorta, Roque Sáenz Peña) and the first radical presidencies (with two decades of power of the Radical Civic Union), in which progress was made in democracy but with much violence. There are banknotes of 50 centavos, 1 Argentine peso, 5 Argentine pesos, 10 Argentine pesos, 50 Argentine pesos, 100 Argentine pesos y 500 Argentine pesos.

1 Argentine peso (un peso)

This banknote worth 1 peso was first circulated in 1908. On the main side left it can be seen Argentina, allegoric godness which represents Argentina, sit in a parchment with the Argentine coat of arms. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. There is a 1, the written value of the banknote, Argentinian coat of arms and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina). Moreover there are two gaps for the digital watermark.
On the other side there's the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), Argentina's coat of arms, gaps for the digital watermark, three 1's and decorative elements. This banknote has the written value of the banknote and the letters RA (from the official name of the country) as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 13.1 cm x 6.6 cm.

Argentina (1935-1954)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the Infamous Decade (being neutral during WWII) and Peronism (political movement leaded by Juan Domingo Perón and his second wife, Eva Perón), based on social justice conception. There are banknotes of  50 centavos, 1 Argentine peso, 5 Argentine pesos, 10 Argentine pesos, 50 Argentine pesos, 100 Argentine pesos, 500 Argentine pesos, 1,000 Argentine pesos, 5,000 Argentine pesos and 10,000 Argentine pesos.

5 Argentine pesos (cinco pesos)

This banknote worth 5 pesos was first circulated in March the 17th 1936. On the main side right you can see José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. There is a 5, the written value of the banknote, Argentinian coat of arms and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
On the other side you can see a painting of the May Revolution, revolutionary events that took place in Buenos Aires, with the dismissal of Viceroy Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros and his replacement by the Primera Junta de gobierno, which still governed in the name of King Fernando VII of Spain (deposed by the Abdications of Bayonne). It has the written value of the banknote and the official name of the country (República Argentina) too. In the right appears the gap for the watermark, a 5 and decorative elements. This banknote has José de San Martín's face as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 14 cm x 7 cm.

10 Argentine pesos (diez pesos)

This banknote worth 10 pesos was first circulated in March the 17th 1936. On the main side right you can see José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. There is a 10, the written value of the banknote, Argentinian coat of arms and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
On the other side you can see a painting of the Oath of Independence, when Argentine Declaration of Independence was done. It has the written value of the banknote and the official name of the country (República Argentina) too. In the right appears the gap for the watermark, a 10 and decorative elements. This banknote has José de San Martín's face as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 14.6 cm x 7.5 cm. 

50 Argentine pesos (cincuenta pesos)

This banknote worth 50 pesos was first circulated in September the 10th 1936. On the main side right you can see José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. There is a 50, the written value of the banknote, Argentinian coat of arms and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
On the other side you can see a painting of the Paso de los Andes, a militar movement done by independentist army leaded by Simón Bolívar to free New Granada (current Colombia). It has the written value of the banknote and the official name of the country (República Argentina) too. In the right appears the gap for the watermark, a 50 and decorative elements. This banknote has José de San Martín's face as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.6 cm x 7.8 cm. 

Argentina (2002-2015)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period when Argentina suffered a finantial crisis with a lot of bank run (corralito in Spanish) and the presidence of Néstor Kirchner and then his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. There are banknotes of  2 Argentine pesos, 5 Argentine pesos, 10 Argentine pesos, 20 Argentine pesos, 50 Argentine pesos and 100 Argentine pesos.

2 Argentine pesos (dos pesos)

This banknote worth 2 pesos was first circulated in November the 26th 1997. On the main side right you can see Bartolomé Mitre, Argentinian general and president of the country (1862-1868), founder of the modern Argentinian state (before known as Argentine Confederation). In his right appears his book Historia de Belgrano y de la Independencia Argentina and in his left, a part of his house. There two 2's and the written value of the banknote. In the upper part has the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
On the other side you can see Museo Mitre, a museum dedicated to Argentinian history in Buenos Aires. It has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina) and the motto too. In the right appears the gap for the watermark, two 2's and Argentine coat of arms. This banknote has Bartolomé Mitre's face as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.3 cm x 6.3 cm.

5 Argentine pesos (cinco pesos)

This banknote worth 5 pesos was first circulated in June the 22nd 1998. On the main side right you can see José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In his right appears Argentinian Declaration of Independence and in his left, a painting of San Martín and Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile independentist leader) called Abrazo de Maipú (Maipú's hug), by Pedro Subercaseaux. 
There two 5's, the written value of the banknote and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina). On the other side you can see Cerro de la Gloria, a monument to the Army of the Andes in Mendoza and Order of the Liberator General San Martín medal. It has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina) and the motto too. In the right appears the gap for the watermark, two 5's and Argentine coat of arms. This banknote has José de San Martín's face as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.4 cm x 6.4 cm.

Brazil (1994-2003)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period of Henrique Cardozo precidency and the beginning of Lula da Silva one. There are banknotes of 1 real, 2 reais, 5 reais, 10 reais, 20 reais, 50 reais and 100 reais.

1 Brazilian real (um real)

This banknote worth 1 real was first circulated in 1994. On the main side center, you can see Effigy of the Republic (Efigie da República) used as a national personification in Brazil symbolizing the Republic, portrayed as a bust. In its left there is a 1, the sentence Deus seja louvado (God be praised), the word real and over it, the name of the National Bank (Banco Central do Brasil). In the right appears Brazil's coat of arms and another 1.
In the back part of it appears a sapphire-spangled emerald (beija flor in Portuguese), a species of hummingbird that occurs in the Amazon rainforest. It has decorative elements, the value of the banknote next to the picture and two 1's. This banknote has the bird previously mentioned as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 13.7 cm x 6.4 cm.

5 Brazilian reals (cinco reais)

This banknote worth 5 reals was first circulated in 1994. On the main side center, you can see Effigy of the Republic (Efigie da República) used as a national personification in Brazil symbolizing the Republic, portrayed as a bust. In its left there is a 5, the sentence Deus seja louvado (God be praised), the word real and over it, the name of the National Bank (Banco Central do Brasil). In the right appears Brazil's coat of arms and another 5.
In the back part of it appears a great egret (garça in Portuguese), a species of egret that occurs in Asia, Africa, the Americas and southern Europe. It has decorative elements, the value of the banknote next to the picture and two 5's. This banknote has the bird previously mentioned as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 13.9 cm x 6.4 cm.


20 Brazilian reals (vinte reais)

This banknote worth 20 reals was first circulated in 1994. On the main side center, you can see Effigy of the Republic (Efigie da República) used as a national personification in Brazil symbolizing the Republic, portrayed as a bust. In its left there is a 20, the sentence Deus seja louvado (God be praised), the word real and over it, the name of the National Bank (Banco Central do Brasil). In the right appears Brazil's coat of arms and another 20.

In the back part of it appears golden lio tamarin (mico-leão-dourado in Portuguese), a species of monkey that occurs in the Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil. It has decorative elements, the value of the banknote next to the picture and two 20's. This banknote has the monkey previously mentioned as digital watermark and has a holographic band too. The size of this banknote is 14.0 cm x 6.5 cm.

Brazil (1986-1989)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period of José Sarney precidency when power was returned to civilians in 1985 with a huge economic crisis and hyperinflation. There are banknotes of 10 Brazilian cruzados, 50 Brazilian cruzados, 100 Brazilian cruzados, 200 Brazilian cruzados, 500 Brazilian cruzados, 1,000 Brazilian cruzados, 5,000 Brazilian cruzados and 10,000 Brazilian cruzados.


100 Brazilian cruzados (cem cruzados)

This banknote worth 100 cruzados was first circulated in 1986. On the main side right there's Juscelino Kubitschek, a 20th century Brazilian politician who is viewed as the father of modern Brazil (and the promoter of the construction of Brasília, the new capital). Next to him appear some plants and an electrical industry in Amazonas rainforest. In the upper part appears the name of the National Bank in Portuguese (Banco Central do Brasil) and in the lower one, the written value of the banknote and a 100.
In the back part of it appears images of Brasilia: Monumental Axis, National Congress of the Federative Republic of Brazil and Palácio da Alvorada. It contains two 100's and the written value of the banknote too. This banknote has Juscelino Kubitschek's portrait as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.4 cm.

Brazil (1953-1967)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period of Juscelino Kubitschek, Jânio Quadros and João Goulart precidency and the letter deposition in April 1964 by a coup that resulted in a military regime. There are banknotes of 1 Brazilian cruzeiro, 2 Brazilian cruzeiros, 5 Brazilian cruzeiros, 10 Brazilian cruzeiros, 20 Brazilian cruzeiros, 50 Brazilian cruzeiros, 100 Brazilian cruzeiros, 200 Brazilian cruzeiros, 500 Brazilian cruzeiros and 1,000 Brazilian cruzeiros. 

1 Brazilian cruzeiro (um cruzeiro)

This banknote worth 1 cruzeiro was first circulated in 1954. On the main side center, you can see Marquês de Tamandaré, a 19th century Brazilian admiral and politician who participated from the Brazilian War of Independence to Paraguayan War. In the uppear part appears the official name of the country (República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil) and in the lower one, the written value of the banknote. There are six 1's and decorative elements.
In the back part of it appears a Brazilian Naval School founded on 1808 on the Villegagnon Island, in Rio de Janeiro. It has decorative elements, the official name of the country and six 1's. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.7 cm x 6.6 cm.

lunes, 4 de febrero de 2019

Paraguay (1964-1982)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period of El Stronato, during which the country was headed by the military Alfredo Stroessner. During this period, supported by the US and in the context of military coups in the 60s in the area, the dictatorship achieved significant economic growth, which calmed the political situation (the main opposition parties began to demand peace) and Stroessner allowed political parties and will stand for election (and obtain seats in parliament). Starting in the 1970s, although the economy continued to grow thanks to the Itaipú dam, opposition to the regime increased and its international position was impaired by the violation of human rights (of Guarani opponents and indigenous people). In the following years Domingo Laíno became the main opposition figure and was sentenced to exile in 1982; in this years Stroessner welcomed the Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza (who was murdered there) and the economic situation deteriorated, forcing many Paraguayans to immigrate. There are banknotes of 1 guaraní, 5 guaraníes, 10 guaraníes, 50 guaraníes, 100 guaraníes, 500 guaraníes, 1,000 guaraníes, 5,000 guaraníes, 10,000 guaraníes and 50,000 guaraníes.  

1,000 guaraníes (mil guaraníes/su guaraní)

This banknote worth 1,000 guaraníes was first circulated in 1963. On the main side right it can be seen Francisco Solano López, a Paraguayan marshal who was the second president of the country and led him in the Paraguayan War. In the left appears Paraguay's coat of arms and in the centere there's a 1,000, the written value of the banknote and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central del Paraguay). The upper corners have other two 1,000's and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements.
On the other side of the banknote there's the National Pantheon of Heroes, a mausoleum of some Paraguayan historical heroes in Asunción. Moreover there are two 1,000's (one in each side), the official name of the country (República del Paraguay), the written value of the banknote in Guaraní language and decorative elements. This banknote has no digital watermark but a security thread. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 6.6 cm.