Russia (1917-1923)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period during which the Russian Civil War was active. On one side were the Bolsheviks (also known as the Red Army) and on the other, the White Army, formed by a political-military coalition of opponents to the others. The White army had many factions: the South Russian Armed Forces (union of the Volunteer Army with the Don Army under the command of Anton Denikin, based in Taganrog), which later became the Wrangel Army;  . There are banknotes of 1 ruble, 3 rubles, 5 rubles, 10 rubles, 25 rubles, 50 rubles, 100 rubles, 500 rubles, 1,000 rubles, 3,000 rubles, 5,000 rubles.

Counterrevolutionary side: south Russia

1,000 rubles (тысжчя рублей)

This banknote worth 1,000 rubles was first circulated in 1919. On the main side it can be seen the written value of the banknote and in the upper part saying State Treasury Ticket (Билетъ Государственнаго Казначейства) and in the lower part the name of the emiting entity, the Head of the Armed Forces of Southern Russia (Главнаго НомандованІіж Вооруженными Силаами на югѣ Россіи). consisting in a double-headed eagle holding coat of arms. Moreover there's the symbols of the Order of St. George and in the lower part, .
In the middle there's a text saying that the National Bank changes gold coins for banknotes in a certain proportion. The rest of the banknote is fulled with geometric and floristic elements. On the other side of the banknote it can be seen the Russian coat of arms, decoration and four 1,000's in the corners. In the left there's a text saying that the banknotes are exchangeable and were coined by the Russian National Unity government and in the right, a banknote saying that counterfeiting is punished with loss of rights and forced labor. This banknote has decorative elements as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 20 cm x 13 cm.

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Russia (1917-1919)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period after the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in February 1917, in which the Russian provisional government was established, formed by a coalition between liberal politicians and moderate socialists, including Prime Minister Aleksandr Kérensky who, despite rejecting the coup d'état of Kornilov in a satisfactory manner, his government was worn out, the soviets being reinforced. In autumn the government was in a very weak situation and while in the countryside the Soviets accelerated an informal agrarian reform and in the cities grew support for the Bolsheviks, who decided to seize power through the Soviets at the Second Pan-Russian Congress of the Soviets, giving rise to the October Revolution, giving rise to the Sovnarkom government. The Bolsheviks assumed power, led by Lenin and Troski, and tried to make a coalition government with other socialist sensitivities (the Bolsheviks are the radical wing of the Social Democratic Labor Party of Russia). After the seizure of power they approved the first repressive measures (censorship of the press), and after the elections to the Constituent Assembly, political parties like the KD (liberal), were banned. Thus began the Russian Civil War between the Red Army (Bolsheviks) and the White Movement (monarchists, conservatives, liberals and democratic socialists), although other nationalist and regional political groups also participated, such as the Ukrainian nationalists of the Green Army, the Ukrainian Army anarchists Black and the Black Guards. There are banknotes of 3 Russian rubles, 5 Russian rubles, 20 Russian rubles, 25 Russian rubles, 40 Russian rubles, 50 Russian rubles, 100 Russian rubles and 500 Russian rubles .

20 Russian rubles (двадцать рублей)

This banknote worth 20 rubles was first circulated in 1917. On the main side it can be seen the written value of the banknote, two 20's and the Russian Provisional Government coat of arms with a double-headed eagle. In the upper part it's said that the Treasury guarantees the value of the banknote and in the lower part it says that this banknote is legal tender. The rest of the banknote and the background is fulled with geometric and floristic elements. 
On the other side of the banknote there are five 20's (four of them in the corners) and the written value of the banknote, with a text saying that counterfeiting banknotes is punished by law. This banknote has decorative elements as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 6.1 cm x 4.9 cm.

40 Russian rubles (сорокъ рублей)

This banknote worth 40 rubles was first circulated in 1917. On the main side it can be seen the written value of the banknote, two 40's and the Russian Provisional Government coat of arms with a double-headed eagle. In the upper part it's said that the Treasury guarantees the value of the banknote and in the lower part it says that this banknote is legal tender. The rest of the banknote and the background is fulled with geometric and floristic elements.
On the other side of the banknote there are five 40's (four of them in the corners) and the written value of the banknote, with a text saying that counterfeiting banknotes is punished by law. This banknote has decorative elements as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 6.1 cm x 4.9 cm.

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Russia (1905-1915)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period of 1905 Russian Revolution and WWI, reigning czar Nicholas II, the last czar. There are banknotes of 3 Russian rubles, 5 Russian rubles, 10 Russian Russian rubles, 25 Russian rubles, 50 Russian rubles, 100 Russian rubles and 500 Russian rubles.

3 Russian rubles (три рублей)

This banknote worth 3 rubles was first circulated in 1905. On the main side up you can see the written value of the banknote and Russian Empire's coat of arms, consisting in a double-headed eagle holding coat of arms. Inside a frame decorated with floristic elements, you can se a text. It has three 3's and in the upper part it's written State loan banknote (Государственный кредитный билетъ). In the text in the middle of the banknote it says that the Central Bank changes banknotes for gold coins in a certain proportion.

On the other side of the banknote, it can be seen again the Russian coat of arms and two 3's. Down, there's a text saying that all banknotes have the same value in the Empire and that counterfeiting it is punished with hard labor. This banknote has 3's as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15 cm x 9.8 cm. 

5 Russian rubles (пять рублей)

This banknote worth 5 rubles was first circulated in 1909. On the main side up you can see Russian Empire's coat of arms, consisting in a double-headed eagle holding coat of arms (from left to right: Kazan; Poland, Crimea; Kiev, Novgorod, Vladimir; Moscow (center), Finland, Siberia, Caucasus, Astrakhan). Inside a frame decorated with floristic elements, you can se a text. In the upper part it's written State loan credit (Государственный кредитный билетъ) and the text in the center says that the Central Bank changes banknotes for gold coins in a certain proportion. It has three 5's.
On the other side of the banknote, it can be seen again the Russian coat of arms, along with oak and olive branches, a crown, a lion and two swords. Down, there's a text saying that all banknotes have the same value in the Empire and that counterfeiting it is punished with working fields; there are four 5's. This banknote has 5's as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 10 cm x 15.8 cm. 

10 Russian rubles (десять рублей)

This banknote worth 10 rubles was first circulated in 1909. On the main side up you can see Russian Empire's coat of arms, consisting in a double-headed eagle holding coat of arms (from left to right: Kazan; Poland, Crimea; Kiev, Novgorod, Vladimir; Moscow (center), Finland, Siberia, Caucasus, Astrakhan). Inside a frame decorated with floristic elements, you can se a text. In the upper part it's written State loan credit (Государственный кредитный билетъ) and the text in the center says that the Central Bank changes banknotes for gold coins in a certain proportion. It has four 10's.
On the other side of the banknote, it can be seen the written value of the banknote and decorative elements, plus four 10's. Down, there's a text saying that all banknotes have the same value in the Empire and that counterfeiting it is punished with working fields. This banknote has 10's as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 10 cm x 15.8 cm.

25 Russian rubles (двадцать пять рублей)

This banknote worth 25 rubles was first circulated in 1909. On the main side up you can see the written value of the banknote and Russian Empire's coat of arms, consisting in a double-headed eagle holding regional coat of arms and a 25. In the left part of the banknote there's another 25 and in the upper part it's written State loan banknote (Государственный кредитный билетъ). In the text in the middle of the banknote it says that the Central Bank changes banknotes for gold coins in a certain proportion and the banknote is fulled with decorative and floristic elements.
On the other side of the banknote, it can be seen again the Russian coat of arms and a painting of czar Alexander III of Russia (father of the last czar) surrounded by fruits, a crown and an anchor. Down, there's a text saying that all banknotes have the same value in the Empire and that counterfeiting it is punished with hard labor. This banknote has 25's, the abreviation of the currency and Alexander III's portrait as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 17.7 cm x 10.8 cm.

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Russia (1898-1905)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period of Russo-Japanese Wars and reigning czar Nicholas II, the last czar. There are banknotes of 1 Russian ruble, 3 Russian rubles, 5 Russian rubles, 10 Russian rubles, 25 Russian rubles, 50 Russian rubles, 100 Russian rubles, 500 Russian rubles and 1,000 Russian rubles.

1 Russian ruble (одинь рубль)

This banknote worth 1 ruble was first circulated April the 21st of 1898. On the main side left, you can see Russian Empire's coat of arms, consisting in a double-headed eagle holding coat of arms (from left to right: Kazan; Poland, Crimea; Kiev, Novgorod, Vladimir; Moscow (center), Finland, Siberia, Caucasus, Astrakhan). The text in the center says that the Central Bank changes banknotes for gold coins in a certain proportion. In the upper part it's written State loan credit (Государственная кредитная карта).
On the other side of the banknote, it can be seen Russian Empire's coat of arms, surrounded with a circle with the written value. There are two branches (oak and olive) and in their left, a big 1 with the word ruble in Russian. In the right there are three texts saying that all banknotes have the same value in the Empire and that counterfeiting it is punished with working fields. This banknote has rhombus with dots inside as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15 cm x 9 cm.

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Austro-Hungarian Empire (1912-1915)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the years previous and after the Sarajevo assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by the Serbian nationalist group Mlada Bosna, suplied by the Black Hand. The country presented the July Ultimatum to Serbia and, after being refused, World War I started. There are banknotes of 10 Austro-Hungarian Kronen, 20 Austro-Hungarian Kronen, 50 Austro-Hungarian Kronen and 100 Austro-Hungarian Kronen.

20 Austro-Hungarian Kronen (zwanzig Krone/húsz Korona)

This banknote worth 20 Kronen was first circulated in January the 2nd of 1913. On the main side left, it can be seen a female model, surrounded by a border and two 20's. In its right appears the Austrian coat of arms and in the lower right part appears the value of this banknote written in German and in other spoken languages (Czech, Polish, Ukrainian, Italian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian and Romanian).

It has the name of the National Bank (Österreichisch-Ungarische Bank) and a text saying that counterfeiting banknotes is punished by law. On the other side, it can be seen another female model, surrounded by a border and three 20's. In the left part of this papermoney appears the Hungarian coat of arms, the written value of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in Hungaria (Osztrak-Magyar Bank). All the banknote is fulled with geometric decorative features. This banknote has X's as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15 cm x 9 cm.

50 Austro-Hungarian Kronen (fünzig Kronen/ötven Korona)

This banknotes worth 50 Kronen was first circulated in January the 2nd of 1914. On the main side right, it can be seen a female model. In its left appears the Austrian coat of arms. In the right part of the woman there is a 50. In its left appears the Austrian coat of arms and in the upper left part appears the value of this banknote written in German and in other spoken languages (Czech, Polish, Ukrainian, Italian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian and Romanian).

It has the name of the National Bank (Österreichisch-Ungarische Bank) and a text saying that counterfeiting banknotes is punished by law. On the other side, it can be seen another female model. There are two 50's and in the right of this papermoney appears the Hungarian coat of arms, the written value of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in Hungaria (Osztrak-Magyar Bank). All the banknote is fulled with geometric decorative features. This banknote has hexagons with 50's inside as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 16.5 cm x 10.1 cm.

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Austro-Hungarian Empire (1915-1918)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the WWI, period in which the Austro-Hungarian Empire was fighting in the Russian front (after the battle of Zborov, Russia retired from the war), Italian front (being defeated in the battle of Vittorio Veneto) and the Romanian front (defeating the Central Powers Romania). There are banknotes of 1 Austro-Hungarian Krone and 2 Austro-Hungarian Kronen.

1 Austro-Hungarian Krone (eine Krone/egy Korona)

This banknotes worth 1 Krone was first circulated December the 1st of 1916. On the main side, both left and right, it can be seen a classic architecture pattern. In the middle there's a caduceus with a 1. In his left lower part appears the written value, the name of the National Bank in German (Österreichisch-Ungarische Bank) and the Austrian coat of arms and in the right, the same text but in Hungarian (Osztrák-Magyar Bank) and the coat of arms of Hungary.

On the other side you can see a person wearing a Phrygian cap  inside an hexagon. It has a 1 in the right and in the left appears the written value of the banknote in the other languages that were spoken in the country (Czech, Polish, Ukrainian, Italian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian and Romanian). In the lower part appear a text in German and Hungarian saying that counterfeiting banknotes is punished by law. There are decorative borders with geometric motif. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 11.3 cm x 6.7 cm. 

2 Austro-Hungarian Kronen (zwei Kronen/ket Korona)

This banknote worth 2 Kronen was first circulated March the 1st of 1917. On the main side, both left and right, it can be seen female models. In the central upper part and in the lower corners, appears a 2. In this side appears the written value of the banknote and the name of the National Bank in German (Österreichisch-Ungarische Bank) and Austrian coat of arms. In both sides left and right appears a texts saying that counterfeiting is punished by law.
There is also the value of this banknote in the other spoken languages (Czech, Polish, Ukrainian, Italian, Slovene, Croatian, Serbian and Romanian). On the other side, both left and right, it can be seen female models. There are three 2's, the written value of the banknote, the name of the National Bank in Hungarian (Osztrák-Magyar Bank) and the its coat of arms. There are decorative borders with floristic motif in both sides. This banknote has no digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 12.6 cm x 8.3 cm.

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Argentina (1969-1983)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period in which three military dictators (Juan Carlos Onganía, Marcelo Levingston and Alejandro Agustín Lanusse) ruled in the country during the so-called Argentine Revolution that ended in 1973 after the elections were called for the unpopularity of the regime. In these elections the Peronist candidates won and new ones were called for the following year with Juan Perón returned from exile (although he died the following year, succeeded by María Estela Martínez de Perón). In 1976 there was a new coup d'etat, called Proceso de Reorganización Nacional, whose presidency was occupied by the military Jorge Rafael Videla, Roberto Eduardo Viola, Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri and Reynaldo Benito Bignone. During this period numerous violations of human rights, political persecutions and state terrorism were carried out. When the regime was falling apart, the Falklands War was provoked in 1982 by the Falkland Islands against the United Kingdom, in which Argentina was defeated and the military junta, forced to call democratic elections. There are banknotes of 1 Argentine peso, 5 Argentine pesos, 10 Argentine pesos, 50 Argentine pesos, 100 Argentine pesos, 500 Argentine pesos, 1,000 Argentine pesos, 5,000 Argentine pesos, 10,000 Argentine pesos, 50,000 Argentine pesos, 100,000 Argentine pesos, 500,000 Argentine pesos and 1,000,000 Argentine pesos.

1 Argentine peso (un peso)

This banknote worth 1 peso was first circulated in January the 30th 1970. On the main side right it can be seen Manuel Belgrano, Argentine general who defended Buenos Aires from British invasions, promoted May Revolution and Argentine independence leader. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 1 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 1, an olive branch and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 1 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Llao Llao Hotel and Nahuel Huapí lakes, in Bariloche. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 1's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

5 Argentine pesos (cinco pesos)

This banknote worth 5 pesos was first circulated in November the 24th 1971. On the main side right it can be seen Manuel Belgrano, Argentine general who defended Buenos Aires from British invasions, promoted May Revolution and Argentine independence leader. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 5 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 5, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).

In the right there's another 5 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of the National Flag Memorial (where Belgrano raised the country's flag for the first time), in Rosario. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 5's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 

10 Argentine pesos (diez pesos)

This banknote worth 10 pesos was first circulated in September the 1st 1970. On the main side right it can be seen Manuel Belgrano, Argentine general who defended Buenos Aires from British invasions, promoted May Revolution and Argentine independence leader. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 10 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 10, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 10 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Iguazu Falls, in the border with Brasil. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 10's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 

50 Argentine pesos (cincuenta pesos)

This banknote worth 50 pesos was first circulated in March the 15th 1972. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 50 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 50, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 50 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Termas de Reyes, near San Salvador de Jujuy. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 50's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 

100 Argentine pesos (cien pesos)

This banknote worth 100 pesos was first circulated in February the 15th 1971. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 100 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 100, Argentine flags and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).
In the right there's another 100 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Ushuaia, the southernmost city in the world, in Tierra del Fuego. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 100's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm. 

500 Argentine pesos (quinientos pesos)

This banknote worth 500 pesos was first circulated in November the 30th 1972. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 500 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 500, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).

In the right there's another 500 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of the Monument to the Army of the Andes, in Mendoza. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 500's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

1,000 Argentine pesos (mil pesos)

This banknote worth 1,000 pesos was first circulated in November the 27th 1973. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 1,000 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 1,000, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).

In the right there's another 1,000 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements. On the other side there's an image of Plaza de Mayo, in Buenos Aires. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 1,000's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

5,000 Argentine pesos (cinco mil pesos)

This banknote worth 5,000 pesos was first circulated in December the 12th 1977. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 5,000 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 5,000, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).

In the right there's another 5,000 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements.  On the other side there's an image of Mar del Plata and its Casino Central. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 5,000's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

10,000 Argentine pesos (diez mil pesos)

This banknote worth 10,000 pesos was first circulated in October the 25th 1976. On the main side right it can be seen José de San Martín, an Argentinian general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's independece from the Spanish Empire. In the left there's a frame for the watermark. In the left there is a 10,000 and a gap for the digital watermark and in the center, the written value of the banknote, another 10,000, oak leaves and in the upper part, the name of the National Bank in Spanish (Banco Central de la República Argentina).

In the right there's another 10,000 and the rest of the banknote is fulled with decorative elements.  On the other side there's an image of El Palmar National Park, in Entre Ríos provice. Moreover it has the written value of the banknote, the official name of the country (República Argentina), two 10,000's, Argentine coat of arms and decorative elements. This banknote has Argentina's coat of arms as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 15.5 cm x 7.5 cm.

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