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miércoles, 13 de febrero de 2019

Poland: occupation by Germany (1940-1945)

This serie of banknotes belongs to the period under the occupation of Nazi Germany, in which the General Government (name given by Nazi Germany to the authority that ruled the Polish territories) led by Hans Frank with capital in Krakow, during which the Uprising was carried out Warsaw, Operation Reinhard (systematic extermination of the Jewish population, today known as the Holocaust) and the murder of 4 million people died between 1939 and 1944 until in 1944 the resistance of Armia Krajowa caused problems to the Germans, collapsing the Government General and on January 18 the Red Army took Warsaw, entering Krakow in February. There are banknotes of 1 złoty, 2 złotych 10 złotych, 20 złotych, 50 złotych, 100 złotych and 500 złotych.

1 złoty (jeden złoty)

This banknotes worth 1 złoty was first issued in August the 1st 1941. On the main side right appears a big 1, surrounded by geometric elements. In the middle there's the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank in Polish (Bank Emisyjny w Polsce), plus other two 1's and decorative elements.
In the left there's a 5 and a guardian of the Białowieża forest with mustache and hat. On the other side of the banknote appears five 1's, the written value of the banknote, the currency symbol and the name of the issuing Bank. This banknote has geometric elements as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 9.9 cm x 6.5 cm.




5 złotych (pięć złotych)

This banknotes worth 5 złotych was first issued in August the 1st 1941. On the main side right appears a typically Polish woman, similar to Stanisława Serafińska (painted in Kasztelanka, by Jan Matejko). In the middle there's the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank in Polish (Bank Emisyjny w Polsce), with a 5 in the back. There are four 5's, vegetal decoration (simulating the Białowieża forest) and decorative elements too.
In the left there's a 5 and a guardian of the Białowieża forest with mustache and hat. On the other side of the banknote appears two 5's, the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank. This banknote has an old man with mustache and hat as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 14.9 cm x 8.1 cm.



50 złotych (pięćdziesiąt złotych)

This banknotes worth 50 zÅ‚otych was first issued in August the 1st 1941. On the main side right appears Emilia Plater, Polish noble and revolutionary during the disintegration of the Republic of the Two Nations, participating in the November Uprising (in front of the Russian troops of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia). In the middle there's a statue of an allegoric woman, the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank in Polish (Bank Emisyjny w Polsce). 
In the left there's a gap for the digital watermark and it's compleated with decorative elements and three 50's. On the other side of the banknote appears the Cloth Hall (or Sukiennice), a 12th century Renaissance comercial building, in Kraków. The rest of the banknote has two 50's, the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank. This banknote has a guardian of the Białowieża forest with mustache and hat as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 17.8 cm x 9.9 cm.

100 złotych (sto złotych)

This banknotes worth 100 złotych was first issued in March the 1st 1940. On the main side right appears an angel holding a ribbon with 100's, surrounded by four 100's (two of them big and two small), the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank in Polish (Bank Emisyjny w Polsce). In the left there's a 100, the philanthropist, Warsaw Polish patriot Piotr Stanisław (19th century), a gap for the digital watermark and decorative elements with guilloche rosettes.
On the other side of the banknote appears the former Polish National Bank headquarters (till 1926), in Warsaw. The rest of the banknote has four 100's, the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank. This banknote has an horizontal diamond mesh as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 18.8 cm x 10.5 cm.



100 złotych (sto złotych)

This banknotes worth 100 złotych was first issued in August the 1st 1941. On the main side right appears an angel holding a ribbon with 100's, surrounded by four 100's (two of them big and two small), the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank in Polish (Bank Emisyjny w Polsce). In the left there's a 100, a gap for the digital watermark and decorative elements with guilloche rosettes.
On the other side of the banknote it can be seen, from left to right, Vlach church, the Latin cathedral and the Boim chapel in Lviv, formerly part of Poland and now of Ukraine. The rest of the banknote has four 100's, the written value of the banknote and the name of the issuing Bank. This banknote has an horizontal diamond mesh as digital watermark. The size of this banknote is 18.8 cm x 10.5 cm.

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